📚 Subjects guide

➗ Mathematics Classes 1–12 Numbers, operations, shapes, measurement, time and money in primary classes; integers, algebra, ratios, geometry and data in middle school; algebra, trigonometry, coordinate geometry, statistics and probability in Classes 9–10; and functions, calculus, vectors, matrices and probability in Classes 11–12. 🌱 Environmental Studies Classes 1–5 Plants, animals, food, water, weather, family, neighbourhood, transport and our environment, learned through observation and activities. 🔤 English Classes 1–12 Reading, writing, grammar, spelling, vocabulary, listening, speaking, comprehension, literature and formal writing. అ Telugu Classes 1–12 Aksharamala, gunintalu, vattulu, grammar (sandhulu, samasalu, chandassu, alankaralu), poems, prose, stories and creative writing. अ Hindi Classes 1–12 Varnamala, matras, grammar (sandhi, samas, alankar, ras), poetry, prose, letters, essays and literature. 💻 Computer Science Classes 1–12 Computer parts, operating systems, files, office tools, internet safety, algorithms, block coding, Python, data, networks and databases. 🌐 General Knowledge Classes 1–8 India and the world: states and capitals, monuments, inventions, famous people, festivals, sports, nature and age-appropriate current affairs. 🎨 Art and Craft Classes 1–12 Drawing, colouring, painting, paper craft, clay modelling, Indian folk art (Warli, Madhubani, Kalamkari, Cheriyal), design and digital art. 🏃 Physical Education Classes 1–12 Movement and coordination, yoga and pranayama, athletics, team games (kabaddi, kho-kho, cricket, football), fitness, first aid and safety. 🧭 Life Skills and Work Education Classes 1–12 Financial literacy, digital and AI literacy, cyber safety, communication, critical thinking, health and wellbeing, environmental and civic awareness, and vocational exposure, as encouraged by NEP 2020 and NCF-SE 2023.

🔬 Science Classes 6–10 Physics, chemistry and biology concepts: force, motion, electricity, light, sound, materials, atoms, reactions, cells, nutrition, the human body, reproduction and ecosystems. 🗺️ Social Science Classes 6–10 History (civilisations, Indian history, the freedom movement), geography (earth, climate, resources, maps), civics (government, democracy, rights) and economics (money, markets, livelihoods). 🛠️ Vocational and Skill Subjects Classes 6–12 Skill subjects offered by many boards: IT and digital skills, electronics, healthcare, retail, agriculture, tourism and hospitality, financial services and entrepreneurship.

⚡ Physics Classes 11–12 Mechanics, thermodynamics, oscillations, waves, electrostatics, current electricity, magnetism, optics and modern physics. ⚗️ Chemistry Classes 11–12 Mole concept, atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, thermodynamics, equilibrium, kinetics, electrochemistry and organic chemistry. 🧬 Biology Classes 11–12 Cell biology, biomolecules, genetics, evolution, plant and human physiology, reproduction, biotechnology and ecology. 🌏 Geography Classes 11–12 Physical geography (earth, landforms, climate, oceans), India's physical environment, human geography, population, resources and transport, with maps and field skills. 🏛️ History Classes 11–12 Early societies, Harappan civilisation, kingdoms and empires, medieval India, colonialism, the national movement and the making of the Constitution. ⚖️ Political Science Classes 11–12 The Constitution, rights and duties, elections, the executive, legislature and judiciary, federalism and world politics. 📊 Economics Classes 11–12 Microeconomics (demand, supply, markets), macroeconomics (national income, inflation, money and banking, government budget) and India's development. 🌱 Botany Classes 11–12 The plant kingdom: diversity, morphology and anatomy of flowering plants, plant physiology, reproduction, genetics and ecology (offered separately in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh Intermediate BiPC). 🐾 Zoology Classes 11–12 The animal kingdom: diversity and classification, animal tissues, structure of animals such as cockroach and frog, human physiology, genetics, evolution and applied biology. 📒 Accountancy Classes 11–12 Accounting principles, journal, ledger, trial balance, bank reconciliation, depreciation, partnership and company accounts, and financial statements. 💼 Business Studies Classes 11–12 Forms of business, business services, e-business, entrepreneurship, principles and functions of management, marketing, financial management and consumer protection. 🧠 Psychology Classes 11–12 Human development, sensation and perception, learning, memory, thinking, motivation, intelligence, personality, stress and wellbeing, and social influence. 👥 Sociology Classes 11–12 Society and culture, social institutions (family, caste, religion), social inequality, social change and globalisation in India.